Africa has mostly been a taker rather than a maker of the rules in the international system. The hyper globalization of the last quarter century has highlighted the inherent excesses of a weakly regulated global system.

The current institutions and norms reflect the views of the most powerful, who can steer outcomes to their own political and economic advantage. While developed countries often talk about the need for reform, those same countries are unwilling to cede the rules that have secured their beneficial position.

Without immediate and deep emissions reductions across all sectors, limiting global warming to 1.5°C is beyond reach.

Limiting global warming will require major transitions in the energy sector. This will involve a substantial reduction in fossil fuel use, widespread electrification, improved energy efficiency, and use of alternative fuels (such as hydrogen).

Having the right policies, infrastructure and technology in place to enable changes to our lifestyles and behaviour can result in a 40 -70% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2050.

47 percent of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents want Trump to be the nominee in 2024, according to a recent Washington Post-ABC News poll. And if Trump and Joe Biden are the contenders, Trump narrowly edges Biden, 48 to 46 percent, among registered voters (albeit within the poll’s margin of error).

Democratic collapse? It’s possible.

Author: Colin I. Bradford, Nonresident Senior Fellow, Brookings Institution

China seems to highlight the degree to which the West is seen to have imposed its presumptively universal vakues on the global system in the post-war period, which has been favorable for the exercise of U.S. hegemony. At the same time, the United States interprets China's commitment to forging a multipolar order based on different values and driven by different norms more favorable to non-Western countries as China becoming a leading globakl power in the process.

Author: Alexander Dugin

We are on the brink of World War III, which the West is compulsively pushing for. And this is no longer a fear or expectation, it is a fact. Russia is at war with the collective West, with NATO and its allies (though not with all of them: Turkey and Greece have their own position and some European countries, primarily but not only France and Italy do not want to actively participate in a war with Russia). Yet, the threat of a third world war is getting closer and closer.

The Group of Twenty (G20) was formed in 1999 and was originally a meeting of the Minister of Finance and the Governor of the Central Bank in an effort to broaden the discussion of policies that are beneficial for resolving the global economic and financial crisis. As an economic forum, the G20 is a membership of 19 countries: Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India,  Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States and one regional organization namely the European Union.

Source: University of Cambridge- Centre for the Future of Democracy

Key Findings

Source: OCHA as of 26 October 2022

Author: Amitav Acharya American University Washington D.C.

Many pundits see the emerging world order as a return to multipolarity, but this is misleading. There are at least five major differences between prewar multipolarity and the emerging twenty-first-century world order.

On the platform of the Valdai Club, we have talked more than once about those shifts – serious, big shifts that have already taken place and are taking place in the world, about the risks that are associated with the degradation of world institutions, with the erosion of the principles of collective security, with the substitution of international law for the so-called rules – I wanted to say, it’s clear who invented it, but, perhaps, this is also inaccurate – it’s generally not clear who invented it, what these rules are based on, what is inside these rules.